Hi all,
If you tap water is very hard, you can just cut your rainwater with some tap, that will provide all the KH you need.I don't bother too much about the pH (as suggested it is a moveable feast at low KH values) in my rain-water. You may actually find your rain-water is harder than you might imagine as well, I live on the edge of the Cotswolds (Corsham , E. of Bath) and our rainwater is always above 1-2 dKH, presumably from the dust it picks up on the way down to the water butt. I usually dip the conductivity meter in it occasionally in the winter and if the rain water is below about 75microS, I add a bit of tap water for water changes.
I'd recommend that any-one who can us rain-water does, it is free, low conductivity water without the chlorine, chloramine, NaOH, phosphate complexes etc that the water companies add.
I think I can answer this one:
I have used buffers myself and have had success with breeding a number of different species in buffered water with seemingly no ill effects. Granted the amount of buffer (phosphate) that I use is very low due to my penchant for using 100% remineralised RO water and I can therefore ensure that the pre-buffered water is almost devoid of KH before I start thus avoiding the bouncing around effect that trying to buffer tapwater would inevitably generate.
In this specialised case, I think you are right and I don't think the buffer is doing any harm at all, the reason for this is that you start with water with virtually no salts in it.
The pH6.5 buffer is usually a phosphate buffer (utilising the acid/alkali equilibrium between di-sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4 - a weak acid) and mono-sodium hydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4 a weak base)). The buffering works by having an excess of both compounds <
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buffer_solution#Principles_of_Buffering>, this means that as the equilibrium moves (due to H+ donation or H+ acceptance, for details see: <
http://www.ukaps.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=51&t=14695>) the excess of buffer maintains the pH at pH6.5. If you have water with a lot of H+ acceptors (so lots of dKH/dGH) you need a lot of buffer to maintain the pH at pH6.5. A lot of buffer added to water that is already hard and salt rich, it makes a water with a stable pH, but very high TDS, much higher than you started with.
Soft water with low dGH and pH is a very different solution from hard, buffered, salt rich water with a low pH. Hope that makes sense.
Cheers Darrel